BMP signaling refers to the biological mechanisms involved in Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling pathways, which play a critical role in various cellular processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. BMPs are a group of growth factors that belong to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, and they regulate a wide range of developmental processes during embryogenesis and tissue homeostasis in adulthood. BMP signaling is known to be essential for the development of various tissues and organs in the body, including bone, cartilage, muscle, and the nervous system. Dysregulation of BMP signaling has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including skeletal disorders, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Researchers are studying BMP signaling pathways to better understand their role in normal development and disease processes, and to identify potential therapeutic targets for various medical conditions. By elucidating the intricate mechanisms of BMP signaling, scientists hope to develop new treatments and interventions that can modulate these pathways for therapeutic purposes.